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Like many computer languages, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) has various dialects. Each dialect is still CSS, but a dialect may require a particular coding style. It may be helpful to web designers to have a better understanding of some of these dialects or styles.
Internal CSS is the CSS code in the <head> section of HTML code. This style keeps all of the code together. However, most of the CSS on the Internet belongs to the "External Style" where the code is in its own file.
Object-Oriented CSS (OOCSS) (http://oocss.org/) focuses on the concept of using classes in HTML rather than IDs. OOCSS strongly encourages classes and discourages IDs. IDs cannot be reused; they act like singletons. However, classes can be reused and this concept can help to reduce the amount of needed CSS code. Thus, OOCSS uses these ideas to be more efficient and scalable.
Scalable and Modular Architecture for CSS (SMACSS) (https://smacss.com/) focuses on being scalable and modular (hence the name). The maker of SMACSS sells a book that explains SMACSS.
CSS Mobile (http://www.w3.org/TR/css-mobile/) is a subset of CSS2.1 designed for mobile devices. This dialect of CSS follows the W3C CSS standards, avoids vendor/browser specific properties, and uses different styles depending on the client's screen sizes.
Wireless CSS (WCSS) is similar to CSS Mobile. However, Wireless CSS lacks some of the properties and features that standard CSS uses. Also, Wireless CSS is old and was a subset of CSS2.
Further Reading
- CSS Mobile Makeover - https://perishablepress.com/the-5-minute-css-mobile-makeover/
- OOCSS FAQ - https://github.com/stubbornella/oocss/wiki/faq
- Wireless CSS - http://www.developershome.com/wap/wcss/
